Vagrant

# Debian/Ubuntu
wget -O- https://apt.releases.hashicorp.com/gpg | sudo gpg --dearmor -o /usr/share/keyrings/hashicorp-archive-keyring.gpg
echo "deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/hashicorp-archive-keyring.gpg] https://apt.releases.hashicorp.com $(lsb_release -cs) main" \
    | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/hashicorp.list
sudo apt update && sudo apt install vagrant

# Fedora/RHEL
sudo dnf install -y dnf-plugins-core
sudo dnf config-manager --add-repo https://rpm.releases.hashicorp.com/fedora/hashicorp.repo
sudo dnf install vagrant

# Arch Linux
sudo pacman -S vagrant

# libvirt provider (recommended for KVM users)
vagrant plugin install vagrant-libvirt

mkdir my-project && cd my-project
vagrant init ubuntu/jammy64
vagrant up

Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
  # Base box
  config.vm.box = "ubuntu/jammy64"

  # Hostname
  config.vm.hostname = "dev-server"

  # Provider-specific settings
  config.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |vb|
    vb.memory = "2048"
    vb.cpus = 2
    vb.name = "dev-server"
  end

  # libvirt provider settings
  config.vm.provider "libvirt" do |lv|
    lv.memory = 2048
    lv.cpus = 2
  end
end

# Use a specific provider
vagrant up --provider=libvirt
vagrant up --provider=virtualbox

# Set default provider via environment variable
export VAGRANT_DEFAULT_PROVIDER=libvirt

Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
  # Web server
  config.vm.define "web" do |web|
    web.vm.box = "ubuntu/jammy64"
    web.vm.hostname = "web-server"
    web.vm.network "private_network", ip: "192.0.2.10"
    web.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |vb|
      vb.memory = "1024"
    end
    web.vm.provision "shell", inline: <<-SHELL
      apt-get update
      apt-get install -y nginx
    SHELL
  end

  # Database server
  config.vm.define "db" do |db|
    db.vm.box = "ubuntu/jammy64"
    db.vm.hostname = "db-server"
    db.vm.network "private_network", ip: "192.0.2.11"
    db.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |vb|
      vb.memory = "2048"
    end
    db.vm.provision "shell", inline: <<-SHELL
      apt-get update
      apt-get install -y postgresql
    SHELL
  end
end

vagrant up web          # Start only the web VM
vagrant ssh db          # SSH into the db VM
vagrant halt web        # Stop only the web VM
vagrant destroy db -f   # Destroy only the db VM

Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
  config.vm.box = "ubuntu/jammy64"

  # Inline script
  config.vm.provision "shell", inline: <<-SHELL
    apt-get update
    apt-get install -y nginx
    systemctl enable --now nginx
  SHELL

  # External script
  config.vm.provision "shell", path: "scripts/setup.sh"

  # Run as unprivileged user (not root)
  config.vm.provision "shell", inline: "echo Hello", privileged: false
end

Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
  config.vm.box = "ubuntu/jammy64"

  # Ansible runs from the HOST machine (requires Ansible installed on host)
  config.vm.provision "ansible" do |ansible|
    ansible.playbook = "playbook.yml"
    ansible.inventory_path = "inventory"
    ansible.limit = "all"
    ansible.verbose = "v"
    # Extra variables
    ansible.extra_vars = {
      env: "development"
    }
  end
end

Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
  config.vm.box = "ubuntu/jammy64"

  # Ansible runs INSIDE the guest VM (no Ansible needed on host)
  config.vm.provision "ansible_local" do |ansible|
    ansible.playbook = "playbook.yml"
    ansible.install = true   # Auto-install Ansible in the guest
  end
end

Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
  config.vm.box = "ubuntu/jammy64"

  config.vm.provision "puppet" do |puppet|
    puppet.manifests_path = "manifests"
    puppet.manifest_file = "default.pp"
    puppet.module_path = "modules"
  end
end

# Run provisioners on an already running VM
vagrant provision

# Force provisioners on vagrant up (even if already provisioned)
vagrant up --provision

# Skip provisioners
vagrant up --no-provision

# Run only specific provisioners
vagrant provision --provision-with shell

config.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 80, host: 8080
config.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 443, host: 8443, protocol: "tcp"

# Static IP
config.vm.network "private_network", ip: "192.0.2.10"

# DHCP
config.vm.network "private_network", type: "dhcp"

# Bridged to a host interface (VM appears on the LAN)
config.vm.network "public_network", bridge: "eth0"

# Default: project directory synced to /vagrant in guest
# Custom synced folders:
config.vm.synced_folder "./src", "/var/www/html"
config.vm.synced_folder "./data", "/data", type: "nfs"
config.vm.synced_folder "./code", "/code", type: "rsync",
    rsync__exclude: [".git/", "node_modules/"]

# Disable the default /vagrant share
config.vm.synced_folder ".", "/vagrant", disabled: true

# From a VirtualBox VM
vagrant package --output my-custom.box

# Add the custom box locally
vagrant box add my-custom my-custom.box

# Use it in a Vagrantfile
# config.vm.box = "my-custom"

# Verbose output for troubleshooting
VAGRANT_LOG=debug vagrant up

# Show SSH connection details
vagrant ssh-config

# Check Vagrantfile syntax
vagrant validate